The guide rail is used to support and correctly guide the moving component to move along a certain movement trajectory and bear the net weight of the moving component and the load during work. Two relative moving components form a pair of guide rails. The non-moving mutual mating surfaces are called fixed guide rails or static guides, and the moving mutual mating surfaces are called moving guide rails or moving guide rails. Generally, only one playability is allowed between the moving rail and the fixed rail. According to the friction condition of the rail surface, the common rails at this stage can be divided into: rolling rails, rolling rails and other rails. For CNC lathes, rolling linear guides are commonly used. The rolling linear guide pair is composed of guide rail, guide rail slider, steel ball, reverse direction device, ball bearing, sealed bearing end cover and partition. When the guide rail and the guide rail slider move relative to each other, the steel ball rolls along the four raceways on the guide rail that have undergone hardening and high-precision cutting. The steel ball at the top of the guide rail slider is based on the return equipment (returning equipment). The direction device) enters the return hole and then enters the raceway, and the steel ball carries out rolling motion cyclically. Both sides of the returner are equipped with anti-fouling sealing bearing end covers, which can reasonably prevent dust and debris from entering the inside of the guide rail slider.
Advantages of linear guides
1) The rolling linear guide pair is to put a moderate steel ball between the guide rail slider and the guide rail, so that the rolling friction between the guide rail slider and the guide rail becomes rolling friction, which greatly reduces the movement friction between the two, and then obtains There is not much difference between dynamic and rolling friction, and the steering headlight is very good, that is, the time interval between the driver's data signal and the mechanical equipment's posture is very short, which is beneficial to improve the response time and sensitivity of the CNC machine tool.
2) The output power of the driver is greatly reduced, which is only one-tenth of that of general mechanical equipment.
3) Incorporating high-speed linear motion, the acceleration is about 10 times higher than that of the rolling guide.
4) Able to complete high-precision grades and repeated precision grades.
5) It can complete the movement without gaps and improve the bending rigidity of the mechanical structure.
6) When the guide rail pair is used in pairs, it has the "difference averaging effect", thereby reducing the processing accuracy requirements of the structural parts (rail mounting surface), and reducing the mechanical equipment manufacturing cost and difficulty coefficient of the structural parts.
7) The design scheme and manufacturing of the mechanical system are simplified.
